Since it’s the beginning of Ramadan I thought I would do a piece about fasting. For many years many friends ask me, “why do Muslim fast?†and I feel like I have only been giving half answers. So I will attempt to give a succinct reason for fasting.
Let me start by a hadith which is basically a collection of what the prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) did and say during his lifetime.
Many people who fast get nothing from their fast except hunger and thirst, and many people who pray at night get nothing from it except wakefulness (Darimi).
So a couple of friends have been joking with me saying that I have now started to starve for a month. Indeed, fasting has been prescribed in the month of Ramadan as a blessing not as a punishment as some people feel. One of the main things I find amazing is that in this one month, billions of people across the planet can refrain from eating and drinking in the day time.
Imam Al Ghazali, an Islamic Philosopher from 1000s who had profound influence on western Philosophy across the world, had listed 3 grades of fasting in the month of Ramadan:
It should be known that there are three grades of fasting: ordinary, special and extra-special. Ordinary fasting means abstaining from food, drink and sexual satisfaction.
Special Fasting means keeping one’s ears, eyes, tongue, hands and feet — and all other organs — free from sin.
Extra-special Fasting means fasting of the heart from unworthy concerns and worldly thoughts, in total disregard of everything but God, Great and Glorious is He. This kind of Fast is broken by thinking of worldly matters, except for those conducive to religious ends, since these constitute provision for the Hereafter and are not of this lower world.
I have to say, looking at the world today, I would say that the Hadith is possible right. Many people won’t get anything from fasting except for thirst and hunger. It is a real shame because most people are more concerned about this temporal world such as stock market, money making, politics, power etc than giving themselves a break from the worries of this world. Perhaps this is less succinct than I had hoped, but I hope it would go and answer some questions.